Pride and Prejudice Personal Response Essay

Jane Austen’s epic, Pride and Prejudice, is an extraordinary portrayal of how life during the 1800s would have been. Position in the public arena assumed a significant job and the vast majority of her characters just did what society allowed them to do. The individuals what your identity was encircled around either broke you or made you an effect on the town. The ladies appeared to search just for somebody to wed them, not for somebody to cherish them. The ladies in this novel, looked for men with riches and influence. They just looked on a superficial level and couldn't have cared less enough to look past. They appeared every single other lady of their time, just searching for a man to call spouse, and to keep them as adornments, as opposed to darlings. This book, as I would like to think, didn't show numerous profound sentiments, or any adoration included, aside from Elizabeth. It indicated that most ladies were materialistic and accepted what you had made you as an individual. Marriage was not an indication of adoration spoke to in the book, yet as only a prize to flaunt to other people. The book doesn't show the characters with much uniqueness, anticipating all the ladies searching for something very similar: an attractive spouse with cash. Taking a gander at this, I believe that Austen did it purposefully. The various characters were foils to make Elizabeth stick out. Austen may have particularly misrepresented the craving of ladies urgently needing marriage at the same time, Elizabeth indicated that only one out of every odd choice depended on money related dependability, seeing that she dismissed two potential spouses. My preferred thing about this book is Elizabeth’s clever perceptions about different characters. She can see through all the babble in her life. She had her very own psyche and she realized how to utilize it, she was not going to be influenced by ladies like Lady Catherine, who never really judge the individuals who she felt were not identical to her. However, as I would like to think, one character isn't sufficient to represent the various character’s characters as they are for the most part shallow.

International Purchasing and Supply-Chain Management Essay

Worldwide Purchasing and Supply-Chain Management - Essay Example Moreover, the current work presents some surprising ideas and models relating to buying and gracefully chain the board. It was discovered that none of these models could really clarify in detail the predominant plan of action that Wal-Mart utilized. Nonetheless, Porter’s esteem chain model and Reck and Long model were found to have nearer similarity to Wal-Mart’s utilized model at present. Notwithstanding, there is a generous motivation to accept that Wal-Mart considers buying and flexibly chain the board as fundamental parts of a general showcasing movement, as opposed to isolate elements as Porter recommended in his worth chain model. Catchphrases: Wal-Mart, buying, gracefully chain the executives, esteem chain Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Introduction 3 What Wal-Mart is doing? 4 What the ideas and models are stating? 9 Evaluation of Wal-Mart’s approach 13 Conclusion 15 References 16 Introduction Every firm has its own story to tell, including its mode st commencement, its good and bad times en route, lastly the significant moves it may have placed into thought so as to arrive at the most noteworthy point where it may have effectively arranged itself at present. There are numerous organizations that at last arrived at this point. Among them is Wal-Mart, a firm that is something other than a name, yet it talks about an incentive for clients, that is the reason it is one of the most perceived retail brands and organizations on the planet for buyer products. The firm is generally perceived as the retailing mammoth with significant activities across 28 nations under 60 unique standards. It had the option to fan out abroad, broadening its upper hand route past the bound of the serious market in the United States. Wal-Mart is a retailer of buyer merchandise that Sam Walton established in 1962. Its definitive technique is to offer items with low expenses. Its minimal effort technique is the main wellspring of its upper hand, yet behind t his, its buying and gracefully chain the executives have incredible commitment as well, which have become the regular essential enthusiasm among different business specialists in the academe and in the genuine business world. The firm can keep up its notoriety in the retailing business by depending on its buying and gracefully chain the executives. Here where the firm can create incredible volume, a proceeding with development of its huge scope and in the long run lower cost for its item contributions. The firm can set up proficient and propelled stock administration framework, and little and not all that exorbitant advancement and publicizing endeavors. Concerning this, it is of incredible enthusiasm to know whether the common ideas and models about the buying and flexibly chain the executives ponder the state of Wal-Mart at present. With respect to point, the current work attempts to basically assess the Wal-Mart way to deal with buying and flexibly chain the board against models and ideas investigated in the class. There are numerous significant focuses to be talked about with respect to the above goal, yet it is critical to consider first the things that Wal-Mart is doing in the business, principally with regards to buying and su

Tips for Goal Setting Self Improvement

Tips for Goal Setting Self Improvement Happiness Print Tips for Goal Setting Helpful Suggestions for Self-Improvement By Sara Lindberg, M.Ed., is a freelance writer focusing on health, fitness, nutrition, parenting, and mental health. Learn about our editorial policy Sara Lindberg Updated on January 30, 2020 AJ_Watt / Getty Images More in Self-Improvement Happiness Meditation Stress Management Spirituality Holistic Health Inspiration Brain Health Technology Relationships View All In This Article Table of Contents Expand Goal-Setting Theory   How Motivated Are You? Determining Your Goals   Tips and Strategies Reviewing and Reassessing View All Back To Top There are many ways to work on self-development and self-improvement, but setting specific goals for personal growth can ensure success. When life serves up obstacles, as it so often does, having a goal that you revisit frequently helps you reset, recommit, and recharge. It also gives you the motivation and accountability to stay focused and follow through on your plans. Setting goals can sometimes feel like a daunting task. That’s why it’s helpful to have a roadmap to guide you along the way.   Goal-Setting Theory   Like most theories in psychology, goal-setting theory started with the ideas from Dr. Edwin A. Locke, in his article, Toward a Theory of Task Motivation and Incentives. In it, he explained the need for clear and specific goals that are challenging and monitored with regular feedback and progress.   Locke, along with Dr. Gary Latham, came up with five principles of effective goal setting. These principles, which include clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback, and task complexity, are the necessary components when setting, working towards, and achieving a goal.   Additionally, research done by psychology professor Dr. Gail Matthews points to the correlation between writing down your goals and successes rather than merely formulating and keeping them in your head.   Developing and Maintaining Personal Goals in Your Life How Motivated Are You? If you’ve ever set a goal and quit before seeing any results, then you know all too well that it takes more than willpower to make a change. Setting and achieving goals says licensed psychologist Catherine Jackson, requires motivation, thinking through the plan, and ways to navigate the possible challenges that may arise.   According to the American Psychological Association (APA), research shows there are three factors to achieving goals: Motivation to changeWillingness to monitor the behaviorWillpower to make it happen All three of these have a place within SMART goals. Specific When you make your goal specific, you set yourself up for success. Consider answering who, what, where, when, which and why when getting specific about your goal.   Measurable What benchmarks will you use to make sure you are moving forward? How will you know if you’re successful? How will you know if you need to make adjustments? Having a goal that you can measure will help you stay on track and reach your target dates.   Attainable orAchievable Is the goal you’re setting one you can reach? While you don’t want things to be easy, you also want to avoid setting goals that are out of your reach.   Realistic or Relevant This goes along with attainable. Is your goal relevant to your life, and can you realistically achieve it, based on your current circumstances? This may be a goal you’ve set before and did not achieve because it was not realistic at the time. But now, under different circumstances, this goal may now be realistic.   Timely and Tangible For a goal to be realistic it also has to be grounded within a time frame, and it needs to be real or tangible.   Developing SMART goals is critical to success. That said, they often limit you to the “what” and the “how” of your goals. For your goals to be effective, you also need to find your purpose or the “why” of what drives your motivation.   How to Make Your Health Goals S.M.A.R.T. Determining Your Goals   You can set goals in any part of your life. Some of the more common areas include health, career, financial, and education. These broader categories set the stage for the smaller goals you will work on yearly, monthly, and daily.   While some of your goals may land within those categories, it’s important to recognize that self-development goals also encompass things like learning to paint, learning to golf, and giving back to your community. You don’t have to limit yourself to the most obvious parts of your life.   Take some time to think about your passions and interests. Brainstorm some ideas around things that excite you. Think back and try to identify if there’s something you’ve always wanted to do, but fear of the unknownâ€"or fear of failureâ€"prevented you from taking a risk. The ideas you generate from these brainstorming activities are like clues that can help you narrow your focus and set more specific goals.   Ask Yourself Why The next step you’ll want to take is to ask yourself “why” that goal is important to you. For example, if you want to finish your college degree, setting smaller goals that revolve around “why” will help you get there faster. To define your why, consider asking yourself these three questions: Why is finishing my degree important to me?Why does that reason matter?Why do I feel strongly about that reason? Once you have a better idea of your why, it’s time to do one more self-assessment. Going with the college degree example, if you’ve determined that finishing your degree is the big goal, then, before you apply the SMART strategy to come up with smaller, more obtainable goals, it’s helpful to answer the following questions to determine if you’re truly ready to make this commitment.   Are you emotionally ready to commit to something that might be physically and or emotionally uncomfortable?Are you ready to be honest with yourself about where you’re at and where you want to go?Do you have the time? Can you say “no” to the things that will interfere with your goal? Now that you’ve done two different activities to get clear on your reasons, it should be obvious if you’re motivated to create change. If that’s the case, you’re ready to move forward with the goal-setting process.   How to Make Your Health Goals S.M.A.R.T. Tips and Strategies to Reach Your Goals   Setting and working towards a goal requires more than just a piece of paper and pencil. There are also certain skills you need to have in place when taking on a goal.   Fist and foremost, you need to be able to plan out the steps for reaching your goal. And once the plan is in place, it’s the commitment and focus that helps to move you towards the result you want. But, of course, somewhere in the middle, lies self-motivation and flexibility. Here are some other tips and strategies to help you reach your goals.   State Goals With a Positive Tone When setting a goal, try to avoid the temptation to state your desire in a negative way. For example, “I will not complain so much.” Restated positively sounds more like this, “I will find three positive things about my day and write them down before I go to bed.” Focus on the Process, Not the Outcome. This is one of the most difficult parts of setting and achieving goals. Because of the very nature of a goal, you start with the end in mind. But it’s really the steps you take to get there that matter the most. Let’s say the outcome you want is to lose 20 pounds. That’s the goal. But during the process of working towards this goal, you discover that your body is more comfortable at a weight that only has you losing 15 pounds. Did you fail at achieving this goal? Not if you believe in the power of the process.   Make a Contract With Yourself.   Once you’re ready to go, whether that’s in the preparation or action stage, Jackson recommends making a contract with yourself for success.   Clear Out the Old to Make Room for the New.   Jackson says to get started on the right foot, it’s a good idea to reflect on what you’ve accomplished thus far and forgive yourself and let go of regret for what didn’t come to pass. While working on clearing the clutter from your mind, it’s not a bad idea to do the same with your home and workspaces.   Visualize What You Want  â€œVisualization and mental workouts stimulate many of the same neural networks that connect the brain’s intentions to the body, so, take some time to properly train your thoughts before you begin setting your goals,” says Jackson. This helps you purposefully and intentionally imagine your goals coming to fruition. Make a Specific Plan  List out your goal or goals and the steps you need to accomplish them. Then, Jackson says to break these into small attainable steps with realistic deadlines. “This is easier when you set aside time before the start of each week to write out specific things you want to accomplish within the following week that will move you closer to the goal,” she explains.   Keep it Visible  It’s a good idea to put your goals with the steps and deadlines in a place where you can see it often. “Seeing the goals and steps you have to take will keep you motivated and consistent to continue to work toward it,” explains Jackson. Her advice? Look at it weekly or better yet daily. Reward Yourself As you accomplish steps toward your goal, make sure to reward yourself along the way. Reviewing and Reassessing Your Goals One last thing before you get busy setting your goals, unless you are the exception to the rule, plan on reviewing and reassessing your goals several times before you reach them, especially if they are loftier goals. You can set this up as weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, or bi-monthly date. It really depends on the benchmarks you set and how long you’ve given yourself to meet your goal. Regardless of how often you sit down to do this review, the most important thing is that you assess whether your goalsâ€"and the steps you’re takingâ€"are still relevant and realistic.   This “date with your goals” also gives you the chance to monitor your progress, which the AAP equates with a greater likelihood that you will succeed. Not to mention, these review sessions give you a chance to make adjustments and celebrate any successes you’ve achieved, which are both critical in this process.   How to Set Less Stressful Goals for Your Life

Imaginary Maps By Mahasweta Devi And Heart Of Darkness

The darkest of hearts is the most ignorant and tormented. The human capability of being evil and hateful is undeniable. As a species, humans can be selfish, vicious creatures. For these reasonings the theories of good and evil exist to separate humans into two sub groups of personalities. As it seems, everyone is capable of evil, and everyone is capable of good. In the novel Imaginary Maps by Mahasweta Devi and Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, the readers are thrust into colonized and post-colonization settings where indigenous groups are exploited for their resources and rejected for their cultures. Imaginary Maps author Mahasweta Devi is an outspoken activist on the care and treatment of natives in India. Imaginary Maps is a fascinating story which interconnects facts involving the treatment of natives and a fictitious plot and characters. Although a fiction, the story actively reviews the dos and don ts of being an activist. As well as a guideline, the book also gives insight i nto the divide between natives and what is considered â€Å"civilized† society. Imaginary Maps centers around journalist Puran as he delves into the tribal region of Pirtha and discovers the indigenous cultures and epidemic circumstances. Heart of Darkness is a classic novella following the protagonist, Marlow, as he journeys through the colonized Congo as a captain of a steam boat. Whilst on his journey, the reader gets a sense of the treatment and racism exhibited upon the native Congo people by

Energy, Coal, And Natural Gas - 1136 Words

Energy is a fundamental factor to the existence of humans on this planet; without it, modern society would be unsustainable. Consequently, the sourcing and production of energy is a critical global issue that must be addressed. Currently, the most common energy sources are fossil fuels: oil, coal, and natural gas. The consumption of fossil fuels is not sustainable in the long run as the resources are not infinite, and as energy consumption increases, the earth’s natural resources (fossil fuels) are depleted. The belief that conventional energy sources are unsustainable prompted the development and use of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric. The sustainability of energy is such a demanding issue that Germany†¦show more content†¦The accident released 940 Petabecquerels of radioactive materials into the atmosphere, causing the evacuation of 100,000 people from their homes to prevent radiation sickness. In light of this accident, the federal government of Germany decided to review the safety of all German nuclear power plants even though Germany at the time, was 30% nuclear-powered. After Fukushima, 41% of Germany’s nuclear power capacity (8 units of 17 total) was promptly shut down, with the rest of the units to be disabled by 2022. The events at Fukushima fueled Germany to reevaluate German energy policies and provided the platform for meaningful discussion regarding Germany’s future in energy. Ultimately, it was understood that nuclear energy was simply not sustainable, nor safe to comprise such a significant portion of Germany’s energy sector. Not only was the safety of the German population a concern in regards to nuclear energy, but also the use of fossil fuels and the impact of burning fossil fuels globally supplemented Germany’s concern with current energy productions. Carbon emissions and their impact on climate globally was one of the many reasons Germany felt compelled to drastically change energy policy. It is largely discussed politically and socially that the emission of carbon into the atmosphere is partly responsible for the warming of the climate globally. As a country that has contributed the most to carbon

Pakistan’s Educational System Free Essays

The education system of Pakistan is one is the least-developed in the world. Until 1947, the educational system was based on the British colonial educational system. In 1947, Pakistan gained independence resulting from the partition of the Indian subcontinent into the states of India and Pakistan. We will write a custom essay sample on Pakistan’s Educational System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The colonial system was selective. It was meant to educate a small section of the population to run the government. Regardless of the changes since independence, the Pakistani education system has kept its colonial system, to prevent the lose of illiteracy. Pakistan’s educational system is divided into five levels. The pre-university education includes four levels. The first is the primary level, which is grades one to five. Then, the middle level consisting of grades six to eight. Next is the high level, grades nine and ten. Then is the intermediate level which is grades eleven and twelve, leading to a diploma in arts or science. There is also a university level, which lead to undergraduate and graduate degrees. The Pakistani educational system is based on removing political power from local levels and concentrate it in a central authority. All of the institutions involved in academic and technical education, up to the intermediate level are controlled by the Ministry of Education. For any education programs above those levels, there is a government- enabled university in the four Pakistani provinces. The four provinces are Punjab, Baluchistan, and the North West Frontier. The universities are in control of organizing instructions and exams for their province. Separate from the Ministry of Education, other ministries supervise certain degree programs. Other private and nonprofit school and universities have started to come up in Pakistan. Some examples are the Lahore University of Management Sciences and the Aga Khan medical University in Karachi. Since they are privately funded, they provide a chance for higher education for a small portion of people who do not have the opportunity to pursue their education at publicly funded universities, that have limited annual admission. Despite the plans of the Pakistani government, the educational system has failed to get rid of illiteracy after their era of independence. It has also failed to teach a number of people to meet the needs of the country in different fields. This had been a major disablement to the nation’s economic development. The government reforms in the 1950’s, 1960’s, and 1970’s did not bring up these problem. They mainly focused on replacing English, the colonial language of education, with Urdu, the language of most Pakistanis. The reforms also led to the making school public. Dealing with the flaws of the educational system, the Pakistani government organized new reforms in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s. These made three major processes begin. The government privatized the school that were made public in the 1970’s. It also cancelled the process of making Urdu the language of education and encouraged to go back to English language in private schools. Finally, the government stressed Pakistani studies and Islamic studies as two major parts of the curriculum. This was a major change from colonial education’s based on British history and English literature. The changes have improved the educational system and have increased the number of literate Pakistanis, but there are still some struggles. Educational funding is low. Also, there is little political efforts to make improvements. Pakistan’s expenses on education is not enough to meet the growing needs for education services for the nation’s increasing population. On the other hand, In the 1999-2000 school year, government spending on education was 2 percent of Pakistan’s gross national product. This amount shows a decrease from 1995-1997. School enrollment also increased from 19 percent in 1980 to 24 percent in 1990. The Pakistani educational system showed a lot of discrimination against women. This unfairness was shown in the pattern of literacy, which shows a strong relationship between gender and literacy rates. The illiteracy rate is very high among Pakistani women of all ages. In 1998, the adult illiteracy raters were 42 percent for males and 71 percent for females. In the same year, the illiteracy rate for male youth and female youth was 25 and 53 percent. This gender-based favoritism has contributed to the continued illiteracy and shortage of educated people and has had major impacts on the underdevelopment of Pakistan. The educational system of Pakistan has been unable to meet the needs of educational requirements of the Pakistanis. The system needs extreme investment to increase the number of educational institutions and to train and find a sufficient amount of educators at all levels. The Pakistani government has limited financial resources, which is not enough to meet all of Pakistan’s needs. Added to the money spend because of the unstable relations between India and Pakistan and a huge foreign debt further reduce the available resources for educational purposes. Unless the worsening Pakistani economy improves there is little hope for a significant change in Pakistan’s educational system in the future. How to cite Pakistan’s Educational System, Papers

Theory Of Evolution Essays - Charles Darwin, Evolutionary Biology

Theory Of Evolution CHARLES DARWIN AND THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION It is commonly thought today that the theory of evolution originated from Darwin in the nineteenth century. However, the idea that species mutate over time has been around for a long time in one form or another. Therefore, by Darwin's time the idea that species change from one type into another was by no means new, but was rejected by most because the proponents of evolution could not come up with a satisfactory mechanism that would explain this change. The most influential evolutionary theories prior to Darwin were those of Lamarck and Geoffroy St. Hilaire, developed between 1794 and 1830. Lamarck suggested that species evolve through the use or disuse of particular organs. In the classic example a giraffe that stretches its neck slightly to reach higher leaves will gain in neck length, and this small gain would be passed on to its offspring. Geoffroy, on the other hand suggested that the change was discontinuous, large in magnitude, and occurred at the production of offspring. However, these theories of evolution were based on a priori explanations that offered no demonstrated mechanism. Darwin's theory of evolution differs in that it is based on three easily verified observations. First, individuals within a species vary from one another in morphology, physiology, and behavior. Second, variation is in some part heritable so that variant forms have offspring that resemble them. Third, different variants leave different number of offspring. Darwin than proceeded to elaborate on the mechanism of evolution by suggesting that in the universal struggle for life, nature selects those individuals who are best suited (fittest) for the struggle, and these individuals in turn reproduce more than those who are less fit, thus changing the composition of the population. In addition to natural selection, Darwin also suggested that species also evolve through the complementary process of sexual selection. According to Darwin, in sexual selection, one gender of a species develops a preference for individuals of the other gender who possess certain features. The individuals who possess these features will than have a reproductive advantage over others, resulting in a greater number of offspring, and thus, again, a change in the composition of the population. Therefore, it was Darwin who made the theory of evolution feasible by providing the mechanisms of natural and sexual selection. Darwin's Formative Years Charles Darwin was born in England in 1809 and belonged to a wealthy and respectable family. His grandfather, Erasamus Darwin, was a noted botanical expert in his day who published two important books, Zoonomia, and the Botanic Garden. In these books, Erasamus speculated about various evolutionary ideas that were dismissed as too radical (i.e., the nose of the swine has become hard for the purpose of turning up the soil in search of insects and roots). Darwin who in his youth read his grandfather's books with admiration, later commented that his grandfather anticipated the views and erroneous grounds of opinion of Lamarck. Nevertheless, Erasamus may have unconsciously influenced Darwin in preparing the way for evolution by natural selection. In 1818, at the age of 9, Darwin entered the Shrewsbury school, which was ran by Dr. Butler. Darwin later recalled that nothing could have been worse for the development of my mind than Dr. Butler's school, as it was strictly classical, nothing else being taught , except a little ancient geography and history. The school as a means of education to me was simply a blank. He was removed from the school in 1825, and was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine. There he studied for two years before deciding that he didn't like medicine. But before he left Edinburgh, he was introduced for the first time to the theories of Lamarck. According to Darwin at the time he was not very impressed with Lamarck's ideas. In 1828, at his father's suggestion, Darwin entered Christ's College in Cambridge to become a clergyman. To Darwin a good education meant instruction in the methods and logic of thought. Therefore, Just about the only thing he enjoyed studying there was Paley's works on theology, because of their logic. For the rest, however, he judged Cambridge to be just as much a waste of time as Edinburgh and Shrewsbury. Nevertheless, in his spare time at Cambridge, Darwin became interested in various scientific endeavors, and became acquainted with and influenced by the scientific ideas of Henslow, Sedgwick, and Whewell

U.S Involvement in Bosnia essays

U.S Involvement in Bosnia essays The United States Involvement in Bosnia; is it positive or negative. After a lifetime of war in Bosnia, can the United States really offer positive change? To truly get a feel for the conflict in this region we must first look at the long-standing hatred between the occupying ethnic groups: Serbs, Muslims, and Croats. From 1481 to 1903 the Ottoman Empire was the ruling body over the entire Balkan region. By the early nineteen hundreds the Ottoman Empire had collapsed. In 1918, at the end of World War One, Russia annexed the Balkan region renaming it Yugoslavia. In 1919 Joseph Stalin, Communist ruler of Russia and its satellite states (i.e. Yugoslavia), appointed Tito to be the head of Yugoslavia. Tito quickly became an iron fisted and ruthless dictator. The Machiavellian characteristics exhibited by Tito have given all Serbs a reputation as being strong armed and merciless. With Titos death in 1991, Yugoslavia collapsed and split into 3 independent states: Bosnia, Herzegovina, and Croatia. In 1994 Slovadon Malosovitch was elected ruler of the Serbian state. Incidents of mass genocide and several other war crimes became regular occurrences under his rule. The Bosnian crisis has shown the world the worst of human nature. On behalf of the United Nations, in an effort to settle the unrest in the Balk an region, The United States became involved in 1995. The United States involvement includes: the commitment of twenty thousand troops, the troop support of legions of tanks and other vehicles, and the full support of the United States Government. Unfortunately this upset the native Bosnian people. So, although the United States feels obligated to help the Bosnian Cause, they may be worsening the situation with their involvement, both there and in the U.S There are two sides to this story. The first is the opinion that the United States should completely withdraw from Bosnia. The other opinion is that the United St...

Forest Succession Stages and Maturity

Forest Succession Stages and Maturity Successional changes in plant communities were recognized and described well before the 20th century. Frederick E. Clements observations were developed into theory while he created the original vocabulary and published the first scientific explanation for the process of succession in his book, Plant Succession: An Analysis of the Development of Vegetation. It is very interesting to note that sixty years earlier, Henry David Thoreau described forest succession for the first time in his book, The Succession of Forest Trees. Plant Succession Trees play a major role in creating terrestrial plant cover when conditions develop to the point where some bare-ground and soil is present. Trees grow alongside grasses, herbs, ferns, and shrubs and compete with these species for future plant community replacement and their own survival as a species. The process of that race toward a stable, mature, climax plant community is called succession which follows a successional pathway and each major step reached along the way is called a new seral stage. Primary succession typically occurs very slowly when site conditions are unfriendly to most plants but where a few unique plant species can catch, hold, and thrive. Trees are not often present under these initial harsh conditions. Plants and animals resilient enough to first colonize such sites are the base community that kick starts the complex development of soil and refines the local climate. Site examples of this would be rocks and cliffs, dunes, glacial till, and volcanic ash. Both primary and secondary sites in initial succession are characterized by full exposure to the sun, violent fluctuations in temperatures, and rapid changes in moisture conditions. Only the hardiest of organisms can adapt at first. Secondary succession tends to happen most often on abandoned fields, dirt, and gravel fills, roadside cuts, and after poor logging practices where disturbance has occurred. It can also start very rapidly where the existing community is completely destroyed by fire, flood, wind, or destructive pests. Clements defines the succession mechanism as a process involving several phases when on completion is called a sere. These phases are: 1.) Development of a bare site called Nudism; 2.) Introduction of living regenerative plant material called Migration; 3.) Establishment of vegetative growth called Ecesis; 4.) Plant competition for space, light, and nutrients called Competition; 5.) Plant community changes that affect the habitat called Reaction; 6.) Final development of a climax community called Stabilization. Forest Succession in More Detail Forest succession is considered a secondary succession in most field biology and forest ecology texts but also has its own particular vocabulary. The forest process follows a timeline of tree species replacement and in this order: from pioneer seedlings and saplings to transition forest to young growth forest to mature forest to old growth forest. Foresters generally manage stands of trees that are developing as part of a secondary succession. The most important tree species in terms of economic value are a part of one of several serial stages below the climax. It is, therefore, important that a forester manage his forest by controlling the tendency of that community to move toward a climax species forest. As presented in the forestry text, Principles of Silviculture, Second Edition, foresters use silvicultural practices to maintain the stands in the seral stage that meets societys objectives most closely.

Hewlett-Packard Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hewlett-Packard - Essay Example At the present moment, the company enjoys a strong brand, but the loyalty of the customers is decreasing since they are switching to other products for various reasons. In spite of the fact that one it used to be the leader of innovation, nowadays, HP is not known to have produced anything groundbreaking. The major problems that the company in question is facing today include bad acquisitions, lack of innovation and outsourcing (Mourdoukoutas, 2014). For example, it acquired the company called Autonomy for a considerable amount of money, but the purchase appeared to be not useful at all, resulting in heavy financial losses. The similar can be witnessed when one analyzes sales as well. As for the issues that the company is facing, one should note lack of certainty in the future. In the middle of the previous century the organization could boast a widely developed culture, but now it is torn apart. Therefore, with the lack of proper leadership and innovations, it is highly unlikely tha t there will be bright future for it. There are many threats that HP recognizes. First of all, it is increased competition from another brand. For example, Lenovo is known to have taken over many areas that HP used to dominate, including server production. In addition to that, the major players in the market like Google and Apple are known for their innovation which is surely not a characteristic feature of the contemporary HP. That is why is nothing changed the company will be pushed off the market.

Open Japan to the World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Open Japan to the World - Essay Example Japan opened its ports and the Western countries slowly expanded their influence to trade and settlement in the treaty ports, The Japanese government underlines that the opening of the country did not mean any change in its policy and strategic goals. Japan was opened for contact with the rest of the world, including Christianity; missionary work was started in the open ports; but Christianity was still proscribed as an evil religion. As Japan emerged from more than two centuries of seclusion, feelings of past interactions with the West mingled with new information and feelings (Konishi 2007). For Japan, the past proposed a unique model for interpreting what was happening with the nation, and new developments to a certain extent changed traditional values. In 1856 Consul-General Townsend Harris was sent to Japan to negotiate a treaty of commerce, which was signed two years later (Miyoshi 82). In 1860 a Bakufu envoy was despatched to America to exchange ratifications of the treaty. It was the first time that a Japanese ship crossed the Pacific. At the same time with the conclusion of a treaty with the United States, Japan negotiated commercial treaties of commerce with Holland, Russia, England and France. Japan's trade with the West was officially started. It is possible to sayt hat the Bakufu was forced to open the state to foreign intercourse signified, in the eyes of the people in general, a lowering of its prestige. As a result anti-foreign movements were launched here and there, movements which finally came to be seen on as a means of attacking the Bakufu. The Bakufu was no longer powerful enough to rise the state out of the collapse into which it had fallen; all it could do was to make the best of the bad bargain by taking makeshift measures. This helped to speed up the downfall of the Bakufu. "To return to the initial question, the Embassy men were all too eager to accept the American welcome as genuine. As they once wanted to believe that Japan was China 's equal, so they now wanted to regard Japan and the United States as on a similar footing" (Miyoshi 64). For more than two decades the centralized power of the Tokugawa shogunate tied to establish and maintain an unprecedented political and social stability in the country. In order to maintain political stability a policy of social stability was introduced. All aspects of social life were managed, even minute details concerning food and clothing. As the Western countries began to search for new contact with Japan in the early nineteenth century, the great danger of trade and Christian propagation was again used as a powerful tool against such transformations. Considering that the Western nations in the mid- nineteenth century were quickly expanding their impact in the Far East through military force, trade, colonization, and Christian propagation, the Japanese doubt was reasonable. For instance, the Opium War in 1842 and the forced opening of China especially alarmed the shogunate and stimulated the improvement of military defense in Japan (Murase 273). In spite of this basic principle of noninterference, which was officially adopted in the following period if time, the presence of the Western countries in Japan was accompanied by consistent and even embarrassing demonstrations of their concern for the cause of Christianity (Konishi 2007). The following description of

A Permanent Death - Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

There are five basic reasons that society uses when imposing "punishment" that I've been able to conclude from my readings. I will discuss these societal concepts and show that the death penalty does not serve to further them. As a result William Smith should not be subject to the death penalty and in fact the same should be abolished from our system of "punishment". Deterrence Deterrence is basically defined as "the punishment should fit the crime." Under this concept, the individual committing the crime and society are prevented from committing this action again. In the case of the death penalty, an individual kills another human and he is "punished" for it by death. Punishment is supposed to be a temporary penalization for a wrongful action. Death is far from temporary. One is to learn from one's mistakes. How can the person learn if they are paying for their mistake with their life? In Ernest van den Haag's article, "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense" he states, "The death penalty is our harshest punishment. It is irrevocable: it ends the existence of those punished, instead of temporarily imprisoning them." (Haag, 251). By imposing the death penalty the individual does not learn from their mistakes and neither does society. Economy Under this concept, punishment should be economical. As Haag points out, "...the monetary cost of appealing a capital sentence is excessive." (Haag, 253). Further, "...actual monetary costs are trumped by the importance of doing justice." (Haag, 253). Additionally there are specific costs associated with keeping an inmate on death row, (i.e. the cost of the specially built prison blocks, the need for maximum security, etc.) and more. These costs clearly out weigh the regular costs incurred to house a regular inmate. Deterrence is clearly not served by imposing the death penalty and society aims for justice are thwarted. Restitution Society demands that the punishment should fix the harm it has done. By sentencing a person to death no harm has been fixed. You can not bring the murdered person back by taking the prisoner's life. "Punishment-regardless of the motivation is not intended to revenge, offset, or compensate for the victims suffering or to be measured by it." (Haag, 253). Retribution The community demands that justice be served. Would justice not equally be served and in fact may be better served by life imprisonment? I believe it would be a worse punishment to endure a life sentence in prison.

Analysis of Sojourner Truth

â€Å"In some cases, campuswide averages have crept up from a C just 10 years to B-plus today† (411). In Brent Staples essay â€Å"Why Colleges Shower Their Students with A’s† he makes many issues and arguments on the subject. Many college level institutions are faced with demanding consumers and competition from other universities over grade issues. The colleges have simply started just handing out more and more A’s to their students to better their satisfaction. This action taken by the colleges is having many repercussions on grade inflation and making the value of degrees meaningless worldwide. With this alarming statistic about the campus wide averages and the universities resorting to giving the consumers what they want is creating a terrible storm about to bring in serious problems. In Staple’s essay, he points out many valid reasons why several college level intuitions are just handing out A’s to their students left and right. Although he makes good arguments for his reasons, I have to question that not all his reasons are truly valid. I believe that colleges are giving into the demanding students and parents because they want to save their reputation and status in society. Colleges are more willing to give out better grades to students when their jobs are on the line. Staples explains that â€Å"professors at every level inflate to escape negative evaluations by students whose opinions now figure in tenure and promotion decisions† (411). Professors have to remember that every grade they give to a student may be questioned and have serious consequences concerning better job opportunities. Students want to get the grade they think they deserve and they will go as far as to complain and place the blame on a certain professor. I think that it is ridiculous those students figure in part in a professor’s promotion decisions. I also strongly believe that whatever grade a student receives on any paper is their final grade and they should have no room to question the professor’s reasons. Staples also suggested that â€Å"some departments shower students with A’s to fill poorly attended courses that might be canceled† (411). Colleges have to give out the grades the students are begging for so they can keep their classes from getting canceled thus saving their own jobs. Again, he is emphasizing that if teachers want to keep their steady jobs they have to motivate the students in some way to stay enrolled in the classes. This strategy seems like just a form of bribery the teachers have to offer to the deceptive students to keep their jobs afloat. Colleges these days have to grade carefully and be aware of the consequences that students do in some form determine their career movements. The consumers, the students and also the parents believe they should get out as much as they put into their college educational life by exercising their right to question and inquire about their grades. Today, colleges of every stature permit [students] to appeal low grades through deans or permanent boards of inquiry† (411). Unlike high school where you had to accept the grade you received on a paper, on the other hand colleges permit students to present their graded work to a higher power if they believe it was wrongly evaluated. I believe this rule is giving students and parents too much power over the professors who have been through many years of extensive education and know what elements make up a whole hearted A paper. Enforcing this assumption again â€Å"the evidence suggests that students and parents are demanding– and getting– what they think of as their money’s worth† (411). Students and parents are getting more and more demanding as the years go by. The way they perceive things is that either the student is paying their own way through college or the parents are putting their money into their child’s education and they expect to get every dime out of it. If they are going to use their own money they are expecting to get the best grades possible—no exceptions. These blood sucking animals will not back down without a fight. They will stand, they will protest, they will argue. The students and parents have a right to question grades, but to an extent. Their arguments should not be so demanding and they should be happy they are getting a voice to express their side of the story. Students and parents are becoming very demanding concerning grades and will go as far as they can to get what they think they deserve. Some universities wanted to use the Johnson plan of calculating grade point average differently than before, but this plan would make student’s academic careers much more complicated. Staples exclaims â€Å"Valen Johnson, a Duke University statistics professor, came under heavy fire when he proposed recalculating the grade point average to give rigorously graded courses greater weight† (412). Johnson proposed this plan thinking that it would help students be more successful, but all it would do was make everything very worse. Under this plan all courses would be given the same equal weight, but this plan would have many drawbacks. Depending on what major a student had, that student would be required to take certain courses that pertained to their desired degree. By making all courses equal weight, students would have to do very well even in the classes not associated with their major causing many academic problems. I strongly believe this proposed plan of recalculating grade point average is a very horrible idea. Johnson certainly did not put into perspective that making every course the same weight, would make the lives of the students much more difficult. He simply made the students have to do well in every class they took on no matter if it the class seemed easy or hard. The student government beat back the plan with the help of teachers in humanities, who worried that students might abandon them for other courses that they currently avoided† (412). Again, most college professors and members of education boards objected to adopting the Johnson plan because of the major repercussions it would bestow on students. I believe students would get overwhelmed with having to make sure they did exceptionally good in all their classes even tho se not required for their major. These students would have to make sure not let their grades slip because no matter the course the grade point average would be worth the same. To some people this plan may seem in genius; however the Johnson plan is not an ideal plan to better educational movements. Adopting the Johnson plan to colleges would be disastrous and also very stressful to the college students, so keeping the grade point average as it is calculated is the most logical choice to make.

Volunteering and Adult Learning Essay - 1801 Words

Volunteering and Adult Learning The history of adult education has been a history of voluntary activity and voluntary association (Ilsley 1989, p. 100). Today, volunteerism, and the growing field of volunteer management, continue to reflect close associations with adult education. Research and practice in adult education can inform the development of learning opportunities for volunteers. With this in mind, this Digest describes some of the similarities between the fields of volunteer management and adult education and examines some of the types and methods of learning that occur in the context of volunteering. Volunteer Management and Adult Education Like adult education, the field of volunteer management shows increasing†¦show more content†¦The establishment of standards--both for the profession of volunteer management and for volunteer service itself--is generating debates similar to those among adult educators over purposes and objectives. Ilsley (1989) suggests that professionalization is making the volunteer field more technical and market oriented, similar to the way business language and methods are being borrowed in adult education. The agenda of volunteer organizations, especially those focused on social change, is in danger of being coopted as government and corporations formalize what may have been more grassroots, nonformal efforts (ibid.). Elsey (1993) identifies a similar debate in both the volunteer field and adult education over focus on individuals or society. He envisions the two fields forming a third way between government and the free market in the formation of civil society. For Elsdon (1995), volu ntary activity is about both individuation and good citizenship, for it is through individual empowerment, achieved by participating and learning from that experience, that service is rendered. Learning through Volunteering Learning is part of the contract between the organization and the volunteer (McCabe 1997, p. 18). Volunteering is a powerful source of learning (Ross-Gordon and Dowling 1995, p. 307). Altruism may be the most obvious reason behind volunteering, but there are many other motivational factors that have an explicit or implicit link to learning. ForShow MoreRelatedBuilding Effective Service Learning Programs in Local Communities1387 Words   |  6 Pagesa bad rap. Adults who don’t regularly interact with high school students may only see the negative side of the adolescents in their community. In fact, â€Å"sixty-one percent of American adults are convinced that today’s youth face a crisis in their values and morals, look at teenagers with misgiving and view them as undisciplined, disrespectful, and unfriendly† (Latham, 2003). 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